A stroke, or cerebrovascular accident (CVA), occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, leading to brain cell damage. This can happen due to a blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or a ruptured blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Symptoms often include sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, confusion, or vision problems. Immediate medical attention is critical to limit brain damage and improve recovery. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes. Treatment focuses on restoring blood flow and managing complications, with rehabilitation often needed to regain lost abilities.